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Junction boxes for photovoltaic auxiliary materials: functional and technical requirements
Release time:
2022/08/09
The main function of the junction box is to connect the internal solar cell circuit of the component with the external circuit through the positive and negative cables of the junction box to transmit the electric energy. The junction box is glued to the back plate of the component through silicone.
Bypass diodes are provided in the junction box to protect the battery string. Junction box design requirements are very high, involving electrical design, mechanical design and materials science and other fields of technology.
The junction box is mainly composed of three parts: the junction box box body, cables and connection terminals. The junction box body is generally composed of the following parts: the base, conductive parts, diodes, sealing rings, sealing silicone, cover, etc.
At present, there are many kinds of junction boxes on the market. Judging from whether glue is poured, there are glue pouring and non-glue pouring. Whether glue pouring is generally determined according to the volume and safety performance requirements of the junction box.
According to the connection mode of the bus bar inside the junction box, it can be divided into clamping type and welding type. Generally, the non-gluing type is adopted, and the gluing type needs to be welded because of the small internal space.
The glue-filled junction box is small in size, low in cost, and the proportion of component failure replacement is not high, so it has gradually become the mainstream of the market.
There are also integrated junction boxes and split junction boxes. The integrated junction box has one or more diodes and positive and negative cables. Generally, only one junction box can be used for a component.
The split junction box contains multiple junction boxes, each junction box has a diode, and the positive and negative cables are distributed on the two junction boxes, so a component must have at least two junction boxes. Split junction box because of the small size, so all need glue. The advantages of using split junction box are as follows:
(1) It can simplify the connection mode of the bus bar inside the component stack, reduce the use of the bus bar, reduce the overall loop resistance of the component, and improve the output power of the component;
(2) The positive and negative leads of the component are respectively located on the side of the component close to the frame, so only a short cable is required for the longitudinal installation and connection of the component, thus greatly reducing the amount of system cables, reducing the series resistance of the system and improving the power generation of the system. However, when the component is installed horizontally, the cable length will increase, so it is necessary to consider the design comprehensively.
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